Business Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business Strategy - Essay Example The business divisions assessed in this exposition are moral pharmaceutical organizations, conventional producers, and biotechs. The pharmaceutical business The worldwide pharmaceutical industry faces huge wind in the twentieth century because of shifting changes in the business condition. Holland is correct, neglected clinical needs, development and globalization are basic main impetuses of the business. This is concurred by different explores, studies and confirmations meaning to make appraisal of the worldwide pharmaceutical industry (Bianchi et al., 2011; Shah et al., 2009; Schmid and Smith, 2007). The following point is to assess whether these powers are what drive in every industry division. The moral pharmaceutical organizations are more extensive since their items spread traditional pharmaceuticals, biopharmaceutical operators and immunizations and over the counter meds. Thus, Holland calls attention to that the key vital capacities of these organizations are Research and Dev elopment and Sales and Marketing. Boone and Kurtz (2006) underscore that organizations which center around these exercises are dynamic at making a requirement for their administration or item contributions. This infers the moral pharmaceutical division is somewhere close to development and development level in the business life cycle while exceptionally specific at meeting neglected clinical needs, advancement and globalization. Indeed, creation and redistributing are another two fundamental focal point of this part just to cover a wide scope of geographic market inclusion (Holland, 2010). The conventional makers then again among some other concerns are specific with getting to new advances in order to arrive at business sectors with undiscovered possibilities (Holland, 2010). Concerning, the said segment is constantly anticipating accomplish assembling and conveyance proficiency. Assembling and dispersion are more extensive in setting, yet they are likewise connected with developme nt and advancement (Kruger, 2006). The nonexclusive producer part is additionally unique as it attempts to ceaselessly scan for business sectors with undiscovered possibilities and even mindful with patent concerns. Once more, organizations with this degree of reasoning can't just skirt the need to enhance, make or address issues and be impacted by the worldwide business power (Boone and Kurtz, 2006). The part for conventional maker is somewhere close to development and development level in the business life cycle. At last, the segment for little biotechnology new companies or biotechs like the past divisions are additionally worried about gathering needs, showcasing concerns, however over all money related rebuilding because of long-item improvement, so it would take some effort to acknowledge productivity (Holland, 2010). Appropriation of its item to showcase is by all accounts the essential worry of this part. In this manner, time is the fundamental contributing variable why for example this division grasps merger or obtaining (Holland, 2010). In the 21st century, this issue is a worldwide worry that drives significant organizations, not exclusively to advance prospects however gain piece of the pie by making or addressing needs (Boone and Kurtz, 2006). Because of its rebuilding movement, this segment is as yet essential pushing ahead to a development level in the business life cycle stage. End It is certain that neglected clinical needs, development and time to market, and globalization are fundamental powers that unquestionably move the diverse segment in the pharmaceutical business. Despite the fact that just one

Pool Boy Book Report

Pool Boy Book Report A Contemporary Summery onPool BoyBy Michael SimmonsReport By: Seth LoveGrade: 7thTeacher: Language Arts Teacher UnknownDate: Sunday August 3, 2003Time: 9:49For RRJ (Reading Response Journal)The book Pool Boy is around a multi year old who needs to manage life when his family loses all of is cash. The explanation he loses the entirety of his cash is on the grounds that his dad was an inside double crosser and got captured by the police. To attempt to remember Brett's Dad of the charges, Bret's mother recruits a costly attorney who doesn't win the case. At that point, Bret's Dad is sent to prison for a long time. After this Bret treated his Dad like trash each Sunday when he went to see him.In only weeks Brett's family is out of cash in spite of selling the entirety of their positions including their home. In a consequence of this current Brett's family needs to move in with Bret's aunt.Bret Hart and Shawn Michaels accommodate on the Janu...The auntie's name is Mary. Auntie Mary is con sistently in a robe and shoes. Her home is dusty, shabby, and small.To help the funds Brett is compelled to find a new line of work. His first employment is at an oily drive-through joint named Fast Burger. Around a quarter of a year he stops. Wager stops since he thinks his chief and the clients are coldblooded , and food doesn't taste good.While strolling home he saw Alfie Moore. Alfie is a 70-year-elderly person with heart issues. When Brett was rich, Alfie cleaned his pool. Alfie and Bret had a discussion. During the discussion, Alfie inquired as to whether he needed work. Bret said truly, and Alfie advised Brett to meet him at his home at 7:00 am the following day to clean pools.Each day (aside from Sunday and Saturday) Brett and Alfie...

Boudicca the Revolt free essay sample

However, regardless of the conspicuous Roman plan that has been entwined inside the relates of Tacitus and Dio, they stay to be the main tenable essential wellsprings of data and give the most precise reports of the revolt’s emission, center and repercussions. Contrasts and logical inconsistencies exist in the two records of the revolt, with Tacitus harboring a progressively merciful demeanor towards the British in his assortments, ‘Agricola’ and the ‘Annals’. Tacitus proposes that the basic reason for the revolt was the abuse of the Iceni clan by the Romans following Prasutagus’ demise. Tacitus writes in Agricola, ‘the Britons harped much among themselves on the torments of subjection†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ presenting the possibility that the native’s rights had been stifled and that the revolt was mostly at the shortcoming of the Roman government. Tacitus, in the Annals, suggests that dissatisfaction and hatred developed inside the Iceni after the Romans overlooked Prasutagus’ will to share the rulership of the clan between the sovereign and his two girls. We will compose a custom exposition test on Boudicca the Revolt or then again any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Rather, Roman officials and slaves the same assaulted his realm, freely flagellating his better half, Boudicca, and assaulting his two little girls. Shock followed inside the mortified clan, along these lines prompting the ascent of the revolt. Tacitus’ record of the occasions that prompted the revolt show a delicate tone of compassion towards the locals, while likewise straightforwardly censuring and denouncing the treatment the Iceni got; in this way giving the most target perspective of the revolt’s roots. Then again, Cassius Dio submits different purposes for the emission of Boudicca’s revolt in ‘Dio’s Roman History’. Dio presents that the Iceni were looking for a ‘excuse’ to fortify the idea that the Romans were despots so as to light the insubordination and oust the attack, ‘an pardon for the war was found in the reallocation of aggregates of cash that Claudius had given to the principal Britons. ’ Dio continues to propose another conceivable reason, concentrating on target that Seneca, planning to collect benefit from intrigue, loaned the locals and later requested back through unforgiving systems. In any case, Dio reasons that ‘the individual who was mostly instrumental in awakening the locals and convincing them to fight†¦ was Boudicca. Dio’s way to deal with the revolt presents the British clans as ravenous; murdering seventy thousand individuals for the cash that was taken from them. Cassius Dio ventures biasness towards Rome in his work, henceforth the title of his authentic assortment ‘Dio’s Roman History’. This is particularly clear when Dio, in his assortment, decides to neglect the developing dissatisfaction among the local clans that was brought about by the hostility of the Romans, as proposed by Tacitus and other minority sources. Manda Scott, British creator of the ‘Boudicca’ arrangement, concurs that the monetary clashes between the local clans and Rome were basic to the breakout of the war; notwithstanding, she demands that the contentions were a direct result of Roman eagerness for cash, restricting Dio’s emphasis on introducing the fault upon the British locals. Tacitus and Dio’s records of the revolt deliver alternate points of view with respect to the causes. However, the two students of history have recorded comparable data with respect to the occasions and the outcome. In Tacitus’ ‘The Annals’, Boudicca’s armed force demolished Camulodunum and torched the Temple of Claudius †alluded to as ‘Citadel of Tyranny’ by Paul Sealey a significant representative triumph for the Trinovantes, whose land was seized for the development of the sanctuary. The huge armed force at that point progressed to Londinium, where Suetonius was anticipating them. Nonetheless, upon thought, Suetonius chose to relinquish Londinium to its destiny based on his army’s numerical inadequacy, a choice that was ethically condemned by Tacitus, ‘unmoved by outcries and requests, Suetonius gave the sign for flight. Tacitus depicts the radicals as uncouth during their battle, describing that they ‘could not hold on to cut throats, hang, consume and execute. ’ Similarly, Dio, in ‘Roman History VIII’ additionally portrays the Britons as savages by depicting in detail their strategies for torment, ‘The y hung up exposed the noblest ladies and afterward remove their breasts†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ After the renegades attacked Londinium and Verulamium, in an obscure area, Suetonius assembled his military of 10,000 men. Suetonius situated his men in a place that gave the British the feeling that they were caught, giving the Romans the benefit of deluding their adversaries before a snare assault. As Boudicca’s armed force of, as indicated by Dio, 230,000 men experienced the accomplished Roman officers, Dio composes that Suetonius ‘could not expand his line the entire length of hers†¦ so substandard they were in numbers. ’ For this explanation, the military was isolated into three bodies, to which Suetonius conveyed three discourses of consolation and solace, saying, ‘Up, Romans! Show these loathsome heels how far we outperform them†¦ Fear not. In the mean time, Boudicca additionally conveyed a discourse to her military that further energized their wrath, ‘†¦old individuals are killed, virgins are raped†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ while likewise giving them certainty to battle, ‘they will never confront the racket and thunder of all our thousands’, before requesting them to charge. As the enormous armed force charged towards the Romans, Tacitus composes that Suetonius flagged his men to toss their lances at the moving toward mass. John Nayler, authentic expert, explainss Suetonius’ technique as to move as one protected body, to go about as a guard, while those at the front utilized their short blades to murder aggressors. In the interim, Tacitus’ account, ‘then, in wedge development, they burst forward’, underpins this hypothesis. As the fight started and their powers conflicted, Dio’s account proposes that the fight was at first even between the two sides as the ‘heavy-equipped were against the substantial furnished, mounted force smashed with cavalry†¦the brutes would attack the Romans with a surge of their chariots. ’ However, as situations developed, request was lost and disorder unfurled, ‘horsemen would oust infantryman and trooper strike down horseman. Neither Tacitus nor Dio give further detail other than that the fight proceeded ‘for a long time’ however ‘finally, late in the day, the Romans won. ’ As numerous as eighty thousand Britons fell by Tacitus, however concerning the Roman losses, the two antiquarians purposely give the deception that the Romans were not slaughtered so as to keep up the notoriety of their tr iumph. There exist logical inconsistencies among Tacitus and Dio concerning Boudicca’s destiny, with Tacitus guaranteeing that she harmed herself while Dio composes that he passed on of sickness. Manda Scott bolsters Tacitus’ account, proposing this would be the most conceivable clarification considering the melancholy that Boudicca would have encountered after the mass butcher of her kin just as the loss of her two little girls. Alongside the Britons’ rout and the loss of their pioneer, they had additionally experienced starvation due to ignoring their yields that year. Concerning the result of the revolt inside Rome, Tacitus relates that Suetonius delayed the war through corrective tasks, picking up analysis from Classicianus. These reactions, thusly, were gotten by Rome, who had interests to stop the war quickly in order to spare assets and lives. Consequently, Nero sent his freedman, Polyclitus, to survey the circumstance in Britain, bringing about the substitution of Suetonius by Turpilianus with expectations of improving relations with the locals. To finish up, Boudicca’s revolt, however finishing in a military disappointment, was a fantastic disappointment that showed to the Romans the quality and assurance of a race that they had seen as substandard. Because of this revolt, which contained unpracticed tribesmen and ladies, the elements of the Roman government in Britain had moved as Nero understood the center significance of keeping up great relations with the clans. Both Tacitus and Dio have assumed significant jobs in retelling the narrative of Boudicca and the inheritance of her political unrest, giving basic data and subtleties that have helped present day history specialists to contemplate and watch Boudicca and all the occasions that encompassed her. s

Online Course Programs of Professors of Open University of Houston and the University of Maryland

Online Course Programs of Professors of Open University of Houston and the University of MarylandIf you are looking for some competitive work experience, one of the most practical ways to get it is by obtaining a degree through online courses that provide extensive information on the history and philosophy of human intelligence. With most of the universities offering online coursework, a person who wants to get his degree would not be stuck studying at home when there are so many available options for courses. The main advantage that online coursework offers is that it saves time and money for the student, as opposed to going to class on a regular basis.There are different schools to suit every personality and every interest. It does not matter if you are a doctor or lawyer, you can enroll in a PhD program to get your degree and at the same time go for an MBA program if you want to get a management course. By enrolling in one of the courses, you are also saving money. However, depend ing on your preferences, you can select from various types of online classes and tailor them according to your own preferences.Texas Edu offers all of the required subjects like history, economics, logic, math, philosophy, ecology, biology, languages, mathematics, music, science, literature, etc. They offer a comprehensive curriculum including study abroad programs. The various subjects taught by the University include the following.A master's degree program offered by Texas Edu includes classes like French, history, civics, public policy, military science, history, Latin American studies, etc. A PhD program of Texas Edu includes courses like history, economics, logic, poetry, economics, psychology, art history, philosophy, etc. The courses include humanities, sciences, technology, civil service, law, etc. The main focus of these courses is on the humanities, sciences, and communications which are essential for a successful career.College-level courses offered by the University of H ouston include a variety of subjects including business administration, English composition, foreign language, business management, communication, sociology, history, social studies, history, technology, etc. They also offer a number of internships and volunteer opportunities. There are various community-based programs offered by the University of Houston to assist people who want to learn English and improve their English. This program helps the students speak confidently and have more confidence in their future jobs.The University of Maryland offers a range of different online courses. One of the most popular and sought after courses is the 'Bachelor of Science in Computer Science' which is the first bachelor degree in computer science offered by the University of Maryland. It consists of a number of core subjects like software engineering, software development, database systems, data processing, computer graphics, computer aided design, and other programs. Other branches of cours es include Artificial Intelligence, Network Security, Software Engineering, System Analysis, Database Systems, Mathematics, Graphics, Programming Languages, Theory of Computation, Algorithms, and Automata Theory.The University of California is known for its advanced courses in the fields of computer science, engineering, health care, information technology, and related disciplines. The courses include Computer Science, Computer Engineering, Electronic Security, Information Technology, Information Systems, Computer Communications, E-Business, and Information Management. The University of California has a range of online and campus based degrees to offer.

Stress Related Depression Connecting the Dots Essay

Stress Depression Running head: STRESS RELATED DEPRESSION: CONNECTING THE DOTS STRESS RELATED TO DEPRESSION: CONNECTING THE DOTS Abstract Stress has been linked to an increasing number of mental and physical illnesses in recent years. Specifically, depression related to stress has been shown to affect patients of all ages in both genders. Stress is defined as a mental or physical tension resulting from physical, emotional or chemical factors. Emerging research shows that depression related to stress affects male and female patients covering a wide range of ages from puberty to later-life. In addition to mental health practitioners the link between stress and depression is of interest to†¦show more content†¦Emotional signs of stress can include feelings of worthlessness, dampened spirits, and a feeling of lack of control. These signs are observed in both genders at almost any age, and in the extreme have rarely been shown to be fatal (Stress-Book Rags Essay Workshop, 23 October 2005). Some types of stress can lead to a positive path such as the performance boost resulting from test anxiety, and these will not be addressed here. Other forms of stress can cause us to exceed the limits of our coping abilities as can be seen in cases of road rage. It is these negative stressors that can lead to depression and put limits on the daily lives of its sufferers that will be the focus here. There exists a great deal of misunderstanding and misinformation among the American public regarding depression. While depression is recognized as a clinically diagnosable and treatable mental illness the term is also commonly used by lay people to describe nothing more that a depressed mood. This casual reference to a serious medical condition discounts its validity and creates a stigma for those with true depression. In fact many view depression as nothing more than an emotional weakness in others (Blonna, 1996). Stressful situations do not necessarily lead to depression but there are a number of studies that link the two. In one of these researchers at Dalhousie University in Nova Scotia conducted a study of the stress-depression link using male and femaleShow MoreRelatedOpioid Drugs And Their Receptor9764 Words   |  40 Pagescodeine in cough suppression. The legal production of heroin was suspended in 1925 when high levels of heroin addiction were noticed (Hosztafi, 2001, Tsisanova, 2012). In 1939, Otto Eisleb synthesized meperidine, first opioid ligand structurally not related to morphine. This was followed by the discovery of methadone by Max Bochmà ¼hl and Gustav Ehrhart just before the Second World War in unfortunate attempt to synthesize addiction-free opioid (Sneader, 2005, Tsisanova, 2012). 1940s were marked with theRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pages2009040522 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 ISBN 10: 0-13-612100-4 ISBN 13: 978-0-13-612100-8 B R I E F TA B L E O F C O N T E N T S Preface xvii Introduction 1 PART I 1 2 3 PERSONAL SKILLS 44 Developing Self-Awareness 45 Managing Personal Stress 105 Solving Problems Analytically and Creatively 167 PART II 4 5 6 7 INTERPERSONAL SKILLS 232 233 Building Relationships by Communicating Supportively Gaining Power and Influence 279 Motivating Others 323 Managing Conflict 373 PARTRead MoreInside the Meltdown49737 Words   |  199 PagesSHEILA BAIR ... FDIC [Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.], established 75 years ago in the Great Depression. ... How does it feel being head of FDIC during another grand crisis? 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The foundations are designed to be used in combination with other sources of information: formal educational course work on early learning and development, information on individual differences, including those related to disabilities, knowledge about the contribution of cultural and linguistic experiences to early development, and English-language development, including the CDE’s resource guide Preschool English Learners: Principles and Practices to PromoteRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 Pagesand Instruction for Statistics Education (GAISE Guidelines),† which included the following six recommendations for the introductory statistics course: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Emphasize statistical literacy and develop statistical thinking. Use real data. Stress conceptual understanding rather than mere knowledge of procedures. Foster active learning in the classroom. Use technology for developing conceptual understanding and analyzing data. 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Humorous Best Man Speech Essay examples - 1972 Words

Humorous Best Man Speech The hotel management have asked me to ask you not to stand on the tables or chairs during the standing ovation at the end of my speech. Now, I asked around for an idea of how long my speech should last, and the general response was about as long as it takes the groom to make love. So with that in mind, thank you, you have been a wonderful audience. (Sit and then get back up) I think an introduction is worthwhile. For those of you who do not yet know me my name is Whatwouldvouliketodrink. I hope as many of you will come and say hello at the bar later, but I do insist you use my full name. At this point I would like to thank the groom for his kind words. I would also like to add†¦show more content†¦I appreciate that as best man you are required ro write a speech that pokes a certain amount of fun at my future husband, with stories and jokes about his past exploits, but I do want you to remember that this is our wedding day and I dont want something that you might say or do to spoil it. With this in mind, please take note of the following and Im sure well all have a wonderful day: 1. Do not get drunk. 2. Do not use bad language. 3. Do not tell dirty jokes. 4. Do not sing. 5. Do not let the groom sing. 6. Do not mention the grooms little problem 7. Do not let the groom drink tequila. 8. Do not let the groom drink whiskey. 9. Do not let the groom drink. 10. .Finally make sure you keep your clothes on and make sure the groom keeps his clothes on. Love, The bride Now while I cannot promise to keep to each of these demands. I have tried to take the responsibility of best man very seriously indeed. I would like to share with you some of my duties I have been involved with. One of my first tasks was to help get the groom fitted for a kilt. We had arranged to meet up at the kilt hire shop and I was running. a little late so when I arrived he had already chosen a kilt. Whats the tartan? (pronounced Tart-in) I asked to which he answered Oh, I’m pretty sure the bride will be wearing a dress.† Another of my tasks was the potentially delicate duty of keeping the grooms ex-girlfriends out of the way today. Thankfully this hasShow MoreRelated Humorous Best Man Speech Essay1384 Words   |  6 PagesHumorous Best Man Speech Good afternoon ladies and gentlemen. Firstly on behalf of the bridesmaids, I would like to thank the groom for his kind words, and may I also say that they have done a fantastic job today and all of them look absolutely beautiful. Id also like to say that the bride looks absolutely stunning today as I’m sure you will all agree. Unfortunately for the wedding photographs, the groom just looks stunned. When I was asked to be best man I consulted the Internet forRead More Humorous Wedding Speech by the Best Man Essay684 Words   |  3 PagesHumorous Wedding Speech by the Best Man When Daniel came to me and asked me to be his best man, it was a great honour but, when I looked at all the duties required of me, I felt he’d be better off choosing someone else. Then he offered me a fifty, but I told him that it wasn’t a decision that money could change. So then he offered me a hundred. Anyway, good evening Ladies and Gentlemen - My name is Rob and it’s my pleasure to be Daniels best man today. So let me tell you about all thoseRead More Humorous Best Man Speech for Two Best Men Essay1144 Words   |  5 PagesHumorous Best Man Speech Written for Two Best Men Best man 1: Good evening everyone. I must warn you we are both pretty nervous about doing this speech. We have spent many a night awake, trying plan it to no avail. We were both so nervous about doing this speech we asked the groom for some advice on how to prepare for talking to a large audience. Best man 2: So he did. He told us to imagine that you are all naked, so if you dont mind, we are going to give it a go. (Stares, winks at people) Read More Humorous Wedding Speech by the Father of the Groom Essay1000 Words   |  4 PagesHumorous Wedding Speech by the Father of the Groom Good evening Ladies and Gentlemen - I am the grooms father, Ken, and I have the great privilege of being best man. I have recently found out there are two reasons why J W asked me to do this job. 1) To make him look younger and slimmer in the photos. 2) Because he didnt want to burden any of his friends with the terrible prospect of having to give this speech. Its the speech that no one wants to do. The best man doesnt really know whatRead MoreA Commentary on Luckys Monologue in Waiting for Godot1559 Words   |  7 PagesPuncher and Wattmann it is established beyond all doubt that in view of the labors of Fartov and Belcher left unfinished for reasons unknown of Testew and Cunard left unfinished it is established what many deny that man in Possy of Testew and Cunard that man in Essy that man in short that man in brief in spite of the strides of alimentation and defecation wastes and pines wastes and pines wastes and pines and concurrently simultaneously what is more for reasons unknown in spite of the strides of physicalRead MoreA Wedding Speech By The Maid Of Honor And The Best Man1750 Words   |  7 Pageswedding, a wedding speech is given by the maid-of-honor and the best man. These speeches are used to thank the parents for arranging the wedding and the guests for coming. The main purpose of the speech, however, is to wish the newly married couple all the happiness and luck with their marriage. While wishing the couple a happy marriage, the speaker includes anecdotes about the newlyweds, showing how strong the relationship between the bride or groom and the speaker. In Jenna Haas’s speech to Jillian DouwsmaRead More Today’s America Versus World War II America Essay1307 Words   |  6 Pagesculture and society is manifested in, Howie Carr’s â€Å"Take $2000 and Call Me in the Morning† and Ronald Reagan’s speech, â€Å"The Boys of Point du Hoc†. Carr’s â€Å"Take $2000 and Call Me in the Morning† illustrates and criticizes the abuse of legal defense by citizens of the United States of America and how people feel like they are entitled to a lot of things. 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Mercutio brings humour and wit to the play which engages the audience. Mercutio is a typical young man of that period in the way that he is an honourable aristocrat, very independent and is free but on the other hand he isnt

Problems and Prospects of Banking Industry in Bangladesh free essay sample

Problems and prospects of banking industry in Bangladesh The central bank has finally approved nine more banks in addition to existing 47 commercial banks in Bangladesh. Three new NRB commercial banks, sponsored by non-resident Bangladeshis (NRBs), and six private commercial banks (PCBs), have been approved aiming to help boost the inflow of foreign exchange and strengthen the ongoing financial inclusion programmes through bringing unbanked people under the banking network respectively. The letters of intent (LoIs) `have already been issued to the sponsors of such approved banks. There have been many significant developments in the economy of Bangladesh since 2000-2001, the central bank stated, explaining the economic context and rationale behind issuing licences in favour of new banks. The economy has grown and the banking system has become more competitive but there are still a large number of under-banked people in Bangladesh. Recent estimates from a survey conducted by the Institute of Microfinance (IoF) found that only 45 per cent of the nearly 9000 households surveyed do have access to banks and micro-finance institutions (MFIs) for loans. We will write a custom essay sample on Problems and Prospects of Banking Industry in Bangladesh or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The population per branch (21065) and the ratio of loan accounts per 1000 adults (42yrs) suggest that the outreach of the formal financial sector in Bangladesh is lower than that in India (14485 and 124 respectively) and Pakistan (20340 population per branch and 47 loan accounts per 1000), according to the statement of IoF. Bangladesh Bank assumes that the new banks will help increase the quality of banking services by increasing competition in the banking sector. They will also be able to meet the unfulfilled demand for credit by the private sector whose needs have grown in line with a fast expanding economy. The central bank noted that, for new banks the ratio of opening rural and urban branch will be 1:1 which will help increase bank branches in rural areas and improve financial inclusion. But the home truth is; no bank can expand in the rural areas before concentrating and making business in urban areas. Earlier, the issue of granting licenses to new banks caused many to raise their eyebrows. Questions were being asked by authentic experts, bankers and people even on the board of directors of the central bank about the wisdom of allowing more banks, a sector that had been struggling hard to cope with the problem of liquidity shortage for years together. The banking sector is already saturated with 47 commercial banks. There was no logic to allow new banks at this moment of the country. The new comers will create an unhealthy competition in banking services, affect stability of the sector and cause profitability of the existing banks to suffer. The entry of more banks will trigger a flight of huge fund including Tk 36. 00 billion from existing banks to place as paid-up capital against new banks; this will lead to further deteriorations of the stringent situation already prevailing in the banking sector. The similar incident will take place for quality employees of the existing banks. All these will lead to a greater mismatch between their credit and deposit ratio and acute shortage of good bankers. The banks will be forced to go for risky investment after collecting deposit at high rate from an already saturated market. It will seriously affect the overall bank- business and the industry as well. Banks are to facilitate all kinds of economic activities and finance many other needs of the people, in both urban and rural areas. But overcrowding of the banking sector is not at all desirable as this, instead of meeting those objectives, would create problems for the sector itself, particularly the existing operators in the sector. This might even adversely impact the vital sectors of the economy in the process. It was unlikely that the board of directors of Bangladesh Bank were not aware of that fact. Yet they were trying to select the right ones since the government is unrelenting in its decision to allow new banks. Opening up of new banks on political consideration, as reported time and again, may reduce the confidence of the clients in banks as well as impair the management quality of the overall banking sector. Meanwhile, some speculators state that as soon as new banks kick off their operations a heavy pressure on deposits of existing banks would be exerted. The latter are likely to see a flight of deposits while their existing loan liabilities including non-performing loans (NPLs) will remain at an unchanged level. This is likely to cause a mismatch between their deposits and outstanding amount of credits or loan portfolio. Now that the central bank already approved new banks and issued the LoIs, it will be just beating about the bush to say anything to the contrary. Rather, now it is better to design how all these banks can be managed smoothly. In this regard the following measures may be implemented: * The new banks should introduce new and innovative services and should scale up their products for the sake of making the government decision meaningful. There is no denying that the quality of the sponsors largely influences the quality of operation of banks as such sponsors play an important role in the decision-making. So, the central bank will have to closely examine the track records of the sponsors and it must not give in to political pressure of any sort on this issue. The quality of the bank directors should be maintained scrupulously. * The central bank may concentrate its attention on the colour of money of the proposed directors who will be investing as the paid-up capital. The central bank must have to play the role of a watchdog in case of shopping the investment clients of new banks from existing banks by approving the higher limit then the present outstanding. The central bank must have to be vigilant in examining the proposed investment clients of new banks, particularly those whose cases have to be rescheduled. Getting rescheduled, the sick clients in the existing banks become very much performing in new banks for the time being in the backdrop of opening new banks in the market. The central bank needs to require to consider several other issues, prior to giving effective permission to new banks, including ownership quality. The vital issue that deserves priority attention of both central bank and the government is better banking coverage of the hitherto neglected rural areas. The new banks may be asked to serve the rural people extensively. * On the top of everything, both the central bank and the government will have to ensure the entry of stronger players in the banking arena and keep close watch on the effects of such an entry on the overall banking industry. The Bangladesh Bank and Bangladesh Institute of Bank Management (BIBM) have to take preparation on structuring the banks by training up the bankers. Because market will be oversaturated as soon as the new banks start operations. The precipitations of banks may appear at the bottom of the banker of banks in Bangladesh. Time has arrived; the possibility of merger of weak banks cannot be laughed away. Still we hope for the best. The newly approved three NRB commercial banks namely, NRB Commercial Bank Ltd, NRB Bank Ltd and NRB Bank Ltd will bring USD150. 0 million as paid up capital of the non-resident Bangladeshis (NRBs).